WRITE A RESPONSE FOR EACH DISCUSSION.
Noel 2.2
COLLAPSE
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ArticleTitle: Integrating Object Relations and Alcoholics Anonymous Principles in the Treatment of Schizoid Personality Disorder and Co-Occurring Alcohol Dependence
Main Hypothesis:Individuals with the Schizoid condition and co-occurring substance abuse disorders would benefit from 12-step integration in their mental health treatment. Thisis adirectional hypothesisas the author presents a positive correlation between the individual’smental health therapy and integration of 12-step principles as outlined in Alcoholics Anonymous.
Variables:
Dependent Variable -Individual’s co-occurring conditions(Schizoid personality disorder (SZPD)and co-occurring substance abuse disorder)
Independent Variable -The mental health therapy and 12-step principles of Alcoholic Anonymous
Operational Definitions:
Schizoid personality disorder (SZPD)is one of the least researched and most difficult to treat of the personality disorders. As a result Schizoids live in near-total social isolation and rarely participate in research or therapy. Their gross impairment in sociability also makes it exceedingly difficult to maintain relationships and is associated withrisk for health problems substance abuse and harm to self and others. (Danzer 2015)
Object Relations Theoryposits that a safe holding environment must be provided and maintained in order to facilitate the human development of the client through meeting their underlying dependency needs which then becomes a corrective experience. (Mitchell and Black 1995)
Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)is a 12-step peer support group based on spiritual principles which through the fellowship of individuals with a common condition and thepractice ofthese principles achieve freedom from alcohol and/or drug dependence.
Conceptual Definition:The author used the Object Relations theory to conceptualize the individual’s need for optimal distance-connection which he intuitively maintained by initiating dialogues about the individual’s involvement in the Alcoholics Anonymous program.
Wittmeier 2.2
COLLAPSE
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Article Title:The Benefits of Mindfulness Meditation: Changes in Emotional States of Depression Anxiety and Stress
Hypothesis:Mindfulness training helps reduce depression anxiety and stress.
The Hypothesis is Non-Directional:I believe that the hypothesis is non-directional because the research predicted depression anxiety and stress would be reduced. However unlike with a directional hypothesis the non-directional hypothesis did not predict which group (depression anxiety stress) would be higher or lower after the ten-week mindfulness training class. The hypothesis focused on the changes of emotional state between depression anxiety and stress rather than determining which of the emotional states through mindfulness meditation had higher and/or lower changes of emotion.
Independent Variable:Mindfulness Training
Dependent Variable:Depression Anxiety and Stress
Operational Definitions:
1. Mindfulness Training:Participants attended a ten-week meditation course at two meditation centers
2. Meditation:There were forty-three participants that participated in the study weekly for two hour sessions; focused on meditation as a form of relaxation (Malcom & Schreiner 2008 p. 160)
3. Depression Anxiety and Stress:Scores on the depression anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) on a twenty-one self-report
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