the australian economy

1) Briefly describe five factors that influence the labour force participation rate
(5 marks)

2) A major feature of the Australian industrial relations system has been the role played by arbitration.

a) What is the difference between compulsory arbitration and enterprise bargaining? (4 marks)

b) The more flexible arrangements of enterprise bargaining has benefits, but also raises important issues about equity.
i. Briefly discuss the benefits. (2 marks)
ii. Briefly discuss the issues regarding equity. (2 marks)

3) Demand and supply factors are suggested as being the cause of ‘casualisation’ of the Australian labour force.
a) Explain one reason why employees may favour casualisation; and one reason why they may not. (2 marks)

b) Explain one reason why employers may favour casualisation; and one reason why they may not. (2 marks)

c) Explain how “Numerical flexibility” and “Functional flexibility” relate to casualisation. (4 marks)

d) How might casualisation of the labour market have influenced the participation rate? (4 marks)

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