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Describe professional ethics and the purpose of the NASW code of ethics in your own words

The NASW Code of Ethics, as the center of social work, is a set of specific rules that guide the conduct of a social worker in the professional field, establishing values, principles, and standards to which a professional aspires, and which are decisive in decision making in the face of an ethical problem within the profession. The NASW Code of Ethics aims to uphold the profession's values, acting ethically in all circumstances. (National Association of Social Worker: Code of Ethics of the National Association of Social Worker)

National Association of Social Worker: Purpose of the NASW Code of Ethics, explains that the Code of Ethics is an essential guide for professionals to follow regardless of the work environment and that this code of ethics has six fundamental purposes:

1-The code of ethics identifies the mission and core values of social work.

2. Summarizes the ethical principles and establishes specific ethical standards to guide professionals in social work practice.

3. The code of ethics proposes the guidelines to follow in conflict of professional obligations or ethical doubts.

4. Provides ethical standards that can hold social workers accountable.

5. Links professionals with values, principles, and ethical standards and encourages social workers to be committed to the ethics that characterize the profession.

6. Articulates standards for evaluating and sanctioning professionals when engaged in unethical conduct.

From a philosophical perspective, Skinner (1978, 2005) tended towards a utilitarian view, repeatedly suggesting that ethics govern conduct and, therefore, functionally related to the survival of the individual, group, culture, and species.

professional organizations and associations generate or adopt ethical codes of conduct to provide clear guidelines that their members must follow when deciding on an appropriate course of action in performing their professional duties. (Cooper, J., Heron, T.E., & Heward, W.L. (2020))

Skinner (1953) was interested in developing ethics, particularly with those persons or groups in society who require care and protection.

Ethical codes provide a guide to action and help professionals avoid getting involved in an unethical situation (Maxwell, 2003).

5. Social Workers' Ethical Responsibilities to the Social Work Profession

5.01 Integrity of the Profession

(a) Social workers must maintain and promote high ethical standards in professional practice. Professionals must continuously work to achieve and maintain professional excellence in the practice of Social Work. Professionals must promote and educate the client about the most effective procedures.

(b) Social workers must protect the mission and integrity of the profession through study, active discussion, and responsible criticism in the professional context.

(c) Professionals should promote respect for the integrity and professional competence in social work.

In this sense, professionals should spend time researching and participating in their professional organizations. Additionally, professionals can broaden their expertise and stay abreast of new policies in social work by attending community events.

Participation in a conference improves professional' skills and is critical to staying update in an ever-changing work environment (Cooper, J., Heron, T.E., & Heward, W.L. (2020)).

(d) Social workers should contribute to the promotion of professional competence. Professionals must share the knowledge acquired with their colleagues. In addition, social workers must stay up-to-date with current scientific and professional information in their practice areas. In addition, they must strive to maintain proficiency in their skills by reading the appropriate literature, attending conferences and conventions, taking additional courses, and trying to contribute to professional literature.

(e) Social workers must be truthful and honest to promote ethical behavior and prevent unauthorized social work practices. Professionals must not engage in behavior that could lead to fraud or illegal or unethical conduct within the community. In addition, social workers have a responsibility to act in the best interest of their clients.

5.02 Evaluation and Research

Social workers are responsible for promoting values in the research team for the correct evaluation of policies and optimal implementation of intervention programs and practices to achieve professional excellence.

Social workers must contribute to the development of knowledge. A social worker must constantly gain knowledge and exchange information with other professionals to stay updated on current policies and community resources to insert our clients. Once our client's needs have been identified, the social worker must be able to provide the client with appropriate services.

Social workers must keep up to date with knowledge relevant to social work and make full use of evidence in evaluation and research, as all possible consequences must be considered to protect evaluation participants.

Social workers engaged in evaluation or research must explain to the participant the duration, risks, and benefits of their participation in the research. In addition, social workers must obtain the participant's voluntary and written informed consent with the clarification that they may refuse to participate and will not be penalized for doing so.

In order to obtain the client's consent, the client must comply with the following three aspects:

1- The participant must demonstrate decision-making capacity

2- the participant's decision must be voluntary

3- The participant must know the most outstanding aspects of the investigation.

By including electronic technology to facilitate the research process, participants must give their consent to use such technology. In addition, the social worker must ensure that the participants can use that technology or offer other alternatives.

When evaluation or research participants cannot give informed consent for themselves and the participant has a legal representative, all aspects of the evaluation and research should be discussed with the participant's legal representative. Consent needs to be obtained before beginning the research process.

Consent is voluntary when it is given without duress, intimidation, or undue influence. Consent may be withdrawn, so revocation of consent overrides initial consent without penalty.

Social workers must protect participants from harm or danger. In addition, participants must be guaranteed access to appropriate support services during the evaluation and research process.

During the research process, professionals must guarantee the confidentiality of the information of the participants and the data collected. In addition, social workers should inform participants of any confidentiality limits, such as the duration of the records.

The professional must guarantee the confidentiality of the participant's information, including:

1- Storage of printed information in closed filing cabinets.

2- Use of password-protected computer files.

3- Avoid data transmission to the participant with identification information through unprotected wireless systems.

Before starting the evaluation, the social worker must explain the limits of confidentiality to the participant, document the meeting, and obtain the signature of consent and other documents. Disclosure of confidential information may occur under the following conditions.

– In the case of payments to third parties.

– The information suggests imminent harm or danger to the client or another person.

If disclosure of customer information is necessary, such information must be the absolute minimum to meet the valid purpose requirement.

Social workers must not falsify the results. Professionals involved in evaluation and research must accurately report all results.

Social workers must avoid conflicts of interest and dual relationships with participants.

Conflicts of interest divert the interests of the participants towards a private interest, which leads to illegal or unethical conduct. In addition, a conflict of interest situation supposes a prejudice for the participants and, therefore, a violation of justice. Therefore, professionals have a responsibility to inform participants when a conflict of interest arises and must take steps to resolve the issue.

One of the main actions that avoid conflicts of interest is to select prepared professionals who have the competence and training to make the correct decisions following the work ethic.

Describe the standards within that section in your own words

Ethical standards address a social worker's responsibilities to clients, colleagues, practice settings, and society. The standards promote attitudes and actions relevant to a social worker's work context and promote ethical professional practice.

Provide a specific example of how a social worker would apply these ethical standards in their practice.

A good professional must promote the maintenance of ethical standards within the profession and the need to create professional networks to support ethical conduct.

Social workers have responsibilities to clients, colleagues, and the community. A social worker should discuss ethical issues within client services and not start a service without first discussing all information with the client and obtaining signed consent. Then, the social worker will try to understand the situation and circumstances of the client to give him the necessary help.

The process of enrolling a client with the community resources must be transparent, respecting the self-determination of the people and their will, if at any time the client wishes the termination of professional services. The social worker must refuse to provide the client's confidential information unless this information is requested by the competent entity that provides the service in which the patient wants to enroll. Social workers must carry out an educational work of the services provided. A social worker should help clients or groups achieve greater independence and self-confidence and not try to manage them to fit into a preconceived system, thereby helping the client and contributing to the interests of society. Social Worker must make the necessary efforts to carry out practical and effective work that helps solve the client's problems.

Natalio Kisnerman, in his book Ethics for social service, says: "Principles serve as a starting point for action, but fidelity should not be deposited in it but men" (Kisnerman Natalio, op. Cit. Pág. 86)

The standards promote attitudes and actions relevant to a social worker's work context and ethical professional practice. Social workers need to have an excellent academic background from formal courses, supervised practice, and professional experience to achieve all of the above.

References

(The NASW code of ethics [Video], )

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