Social Ethics

Analytic Paper

Choose ONE of the following four quotations given below and write a 3 – 4 page (3 pages is the absolute minimum!) analytic paper based on the quotation. Your paper should include the following. (i) A gloss of the quotation. You should specify as succinctly as possible the argument being made by the author of the quotation. (ii) An explanation of the argument. You should discuss the mechanics of the author’s argument, in particular, the justifications (explicit or implicit) she appeals to in support of her argument. (iii) An evaluation of the argument. If you agree with the author’s conclusion, what additional arguments or evidence can you provide in support of it? If you disagree with the author’s conclusion, which premises do you believe are incorrect and why?

You should not do any additional research on the topics discussed in the quotations, other than consulting your course notes. This is NOT a research paper. Rather, it is an exposition of careful reflection (of the armchair variety) on the content of the quotation you have chosen to examine.

Please observe the following rules for submitting your paper.

(1) Papers should be printed on standard paper, in the following format: (at most) double-spaced with maximum one-inch
margins and in a standard font of no more than 12 points.

(2) IMPORTANT! All papers should be submitted PAPER-CLIPPED and NOT stapled.

(3) The first page (not counted toward the required page-quantity) should include your full name and any other identifying
features (date, course number, etc.) you wish to put on it for future reference.

(4) The second page (not counted toward the required page-quantity) should include ONLY your student ID number.

(5) The remaining pages (numbering is optional) should be paper-clipped behind the first and second pages.

(6) At the top of the page on which you begin your essay, include the quotation on which you have chosen to write.

(7) The assignment is due IN CLASS on Wednesday, April 17, 2013. Please DO NOT send your papers as email
attachments, or by any other electronic means.

Quotations

(1) Individuals come first. Whoever says otherwise is trading in metaphors. There are societies, nations, families, teams, but they are all made up of individual persons. Together persons create traditions, adhere to religions, make up communities, constitute the spirit of a time or place. Individuals inhabit traditions as they inhabit the societies and nations they constitute. They may be said to inhabit the language and culture to which they contribute and which contribute to their consciousness. But all these things – societies, nations, families, teams, traditions, religions, languages, and cultures – are the product of individual persons.

(2) Decreasing the size of the state is the way to a better future. Obstacles to private solutions should be removed and the public sector be pulled down to a basic level. Instead of the state taking charge of everyone’s welfare and security, the public sector would concentrate on those who are unable to assume this responsibility for themselves. With the public as a basic supply, taxes will be lower and everyone will have a good deal more money left in their pockets. The great majority of citizens who are able to assume responsibility for their own lives can do so, financing the greater part of their own welfare and social security.
OVER
(3) In a sustainable civilization, based on quality of life rather than unlimited individual accumulation of wealth, the very material basis of modern progress would be a thing of the past. A steady-state global economy is a radical proposition, not only because it challenges the conventional way we have come to use nature’s resources but also because it does away with the very idea of history as an ever-rising curve of material advances. The objective of a sustainable global economy is to continually reproduce a high-quality present state by aligning human production and consumption with nature’s ability to recycle waste and replenish resources. A sustainable, steady-state economy is truly the end of history defined by unlimited material progress.

(4) In a world where no one is compelled to work more than four hours a day, every person possessed of scientific curiosity will be able to indulge it, and every painter will be able to paint without starving, however excellent his pictures may be. Young writers will not be obliged to draw attention to themselves by sensational pot-boilers, with a view to acquiring the economic independence needed for monumental works, for which, when the time at last comes, they will have lost the taste and capacity. Men who, in their professional work, have become interested in some phase of economics or government, will be able to develop their ideas without the academic detachment that makes the work of university economists often seem lacking in reality. Medical men will have the time to learn about the progress of medicine, teachers will not be exasperatedly struggling to teach by routine methods things which they learnt in their youth, which may, in the interval, have been proved to be untrue. Above all, there will be happiness and joy of life, instead of frayed nerves, weariness, and dyspepsia.

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