Question 1

According to research, what was most cited as a barrier to team success?

Select one:

a.    Ineffective communication

b.    Lack of goal setting

c.    Keeping moral high

d.    Lack of role clarity

e.    Lack of trust

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A set of leader characteristics that reflect high level of effort and a high need for achievement is identified as:

Select one:

a. drive.

b. motivation.

c. effort power.

d. integrity.

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Leaders who relate to others to serve their needs and enhance their personal growth while strengthening the organization are known as: 

Select one:

a.    bridge leaders.

b.    servant-leaders.

c.    shared leaders.

d. lateral leaders.

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Leaders who emphasize scheduling, maximizing efficiency and setting perfect goals are:

Select one:

a.    consideration-centered.

b.    task-oriented.

c. employee-centered

d. initiating structure.

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Path-goal theory is concerned with: 

Select one:

a.    the relationship of follower maturity to leader behaviors.

b.    the level of participation that a leader might allow a workgroup to assume under varying conditions

c.    how leaders influence subordinate’s perceptions of their work and how their goals might be attained.

d.    the personal style of the leader in combination with the maturity level of followers.

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The right or authority to tell employees what to do and they are obligated to comply with the order is referred to as: 

Select one:

a.    legitimate power.

b.    referent power.

c.    coercive power.

d. expert power.

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Strategic leadership is characterized by:

Select one:

a.    day-to-day coaching.

b. guidance and corrective feedback.

c. support and corrective feedback.

d. purpose and meaning for the organization.

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Integrity as an identified leadership trait refers to:

Select one:

a. rationality.

b. honesty and credibility.

c. self-discipline.

d. the ability to overcome obstacles.

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Which of these occurs when individuals believe that their contributions are not important, that others will do the work for them or that their lack of effort will go undetected?

Select one:

a. Social facilitation effect

b. Social Loafing

c. Social conflict

d. Loss of self-esteem

e. Social integrating

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The need found at the bottom of Maslow’s hierarchy is 

Select one:

a. ego.

b. physiological.

c. safety

d. self-actualization.

e. social.

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The three basic stages of implementing change within an organization are 

Select one:

a. unfreezing, freezing and thawing.

b. storming, norming and performing.

c. mobilizing, moving and fastening.

d. planning, instituting and evaluating.

e. unfreezing, moving and refreezing.

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____________ power to dominant when a leader is followed due to his or her charisma. 

Select one:

a. Referent

b. Expert

c. Reward

d. Legitimate

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Which of the following statements about group norms is true? 

Select one:

a. Norms about knowledge sharing hinder team performance.

b. They are usually negative and destructive.

c. They are positive because they are developed toward accomplishing the tasks of the organization.

d. They are different sets of expectations of how various individuals should behave.

e. They are shared beliefs about how the group members should think and behave within the group.

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Performance standards can be set with respect to which of the following?

Select one:

a. Quality, time used, and quantity.

b. Quality, temperament, and cost.

c. Quality, time used and functionality.

d. Quantity, quality, and temperament.

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As groups develop, they go through which of the following stages? 

Select one:

a. Warming

b. Growing

c. Achieving

d. Storming

e. Regulating

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Forces that energize, direct and sustain a person’s efforts are known as

Select one:

a. leadership

b. psychological contract.

c. management.

d. None of the answers are correct.

e. power

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The amounts a corporation owes to creditors are referred to as 

Select one:

a. stockholders’ equity.

b. ROI.

c. leverage.

d. liabilities.

e. assets.

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A leader is

Select one:

a. someone with authority over others.

b. someone who influences others to attain goals.

c. someone well-respected by others.

d. strategic level manager.

e. a top level manager in a firm or business.

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A small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, set of performance goals and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable is referred to as a 

Select one:

a. team.

b. virtual team.

c. quality circle.

d. work force.

e. work group.

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The process of comparing the organization’s practices and technologies to that of the industry’s standards is known as 

Select one:

a. scanning.

b. feasibilty analysis.

c. innovation.

d. benchmarking.

e. technology.

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Which of the following is best described as a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization? 

Select one:

a. Vertical communication

b. Leadership

c. Horizontal communication.

d. Vision

e. Mission

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The theory that added the idea that the maturity of followers is a key situational factor is:Select one:

a. Leader substitute theory

b. Fiedler’s contingency theory

c. Hersey and Blanchard’s situational theory

d. Path-goal theory

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Which type of control takes place while plans are being carried out?

Select one:

a. Preliminary control

b. Feedforward control

c. Concurrent control

d. Feedback control

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A form of leadership in which the leader solicits input from subordinates is referred to 

as 

Select one:

a. autocratic leadership.

b. subordinated leadership.

c. democratic leadership.

d. laissez-faire.

e. participation in decision-making.

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According to Organizational Behavior Modification theory, positive consequences that motivate behavior are referred to as: 

Select one:

a. consequences.

b. effectors.

c. behavioral antecedents.

d. reinforcers.

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Motivation refers to forces that

Select one:.

a. are basically involuntary.

b. energize, direct and sustain a person’s efforts.

c. all of the answers are correct.

d. are acquired through education.

e. none of the answers is correct.

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The reward a worker derives directly from performing the job itself is referred to as:

Select one:

a. job enrichment.

b. extrinsic reward.

c. intrinsic reward.

d. job enlargement.

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The effort-to-performance link in expectancy theory is called:

Select one:

a. motivational forces.

b. expectancy.

c. outcomes.

d. instumentality.

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Bureaucratic control deals with:

Select one:

a. market forces.

b. economic forces.

c. pricing mechanisms.

d. rules and regulations.

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Any process that directs the activities of individuals toward achieving organizational goals is Select one:

a. directing.

b. control.

c. planning.

d. budgeting.

e. clan control.

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An interference in the system of communication that blocks perfect understanding is referred to as 

Select one:

a. dialogue.

b. communication.

c. noise.

d. static.

e. filtering.

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The transmission of information and meaning from one party to another through the use of shared symbols is referred to as

Select one:

a. communication.

b. dialect.

c. symbolism.

d. negotiating.

e. discussion.

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Which type of communication is the richest medium because it offers a variety of cues in addition to words?

Select one:

a. Face-to-face

b. Electronic

c. Two-way

d. One way

e. Nonverbal

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A parallel team can be best described by which of the following?

Select one:

a. The team is responsible for making goods or doing services.

b. It works to solve a particular problem.

c. Members are relieved of their usual duties while on the team.

d. It works on long-term projects.

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_______________ is a situational model that focuses on the participative dimensions of leadership, or how leaders go about making decisions.

Select one:

a. Path-goal theory

b. Leaders substitutes theory

c. Fiedler’s contingency model

d. The Vroom model

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Alderf’s ERG Theory focuses on:

Select one:

a. existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs.

b. effort, return, and goal setting.

c. existentialism, relativity, and governance.

d. expectancy, risk, and growth.

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The last step in the control process is:

Select one:

a. determining deviations.

b. measuring performance.

c. taking corrective action.

d. comparing performance.

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The ability to influence others is referred to as:

Select one:

a. motivation.

b. power.

c. charisma.

d. cohesion.

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The most important needs for managers, according to McClelland, are the needs for:

Select one:

a. achievement, affiliation, and power.

b. equity and fair treatment.

c. existence, relatedness, and growth.

d. motivation and hygiene.

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The performance-to-outcome link in expectancy theory is called:

Select one:

a. valence.

b. expectancy.

c. equity.

d. instrumentatility.

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Withdrawing or failing to provide a reinforcing consequence is referred to as:

Select one:

a. extinction.

b. negative reinforcement.

c. expectancy.

d. organizational behavior modification.

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Herzberg’s theory describing hygiene and motivators as factors affecting peoples work motivation and satisfaction is referred to as:

Select one:

a. two-factor theory.

b. path-goal theory.

c. equity theory.

d. the hierarchy of needs.

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_____________ is a change in technology, a departure from previous ways of doing things.

Select one:

a. Innovation

b. Technology

c. Invention

d. Intervention

e. Process

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Which type of power is dominant when a leader is respected for his knowledge?

Select one:

a. Reward power

b. Legitimate power

c. Referent power

d. Expert power

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For goals to be motivating, they must be 

Select one:

a. quantifiable.

b. disliked by employees.

c. open-ended.

d. subjective

e. easy to achieve.

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Which situational approach theory postulates that effectiveness depends on the personal style of the leader and the degree to which the situation gives the leader power, control and influence over the situation?

Select one:

a. Fiedler’s contingency model

b. Path-goal theory

c. The Vroom model

d. Hersey and Blanchard’s situational theory

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An evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of various systems within an organization is called a:

Select one:

a. internal audit.

b. management audit.

c. external audit.

d. Six Sigma analysis.

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Which type of power is dominant when a leader utilizes his/her ability to control punishments?

Select one:

a. Reward power

b. Coercive power

c. Expert power

d. Legitimate power

e. Referent power

Question 49

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Which of these are voluntary groups of people drawn from various product teams who make suggestions about quality, but have no authority to make decisions or execute?

Select one:

a. Semi-autonomous work groups

b. Management teams

c. Quality circles

d. Self-designing teams

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A theory stating that people assess how fairly they have been treated according to outcomes and inputs is referred to as: 

Select one:

a.    equity theory.

b.    quality of work life.

c.    ERG theory.

d.    empowerment.