FIN 535 Week 11 Final Exam Part 1 & 2

    Question 1

    The international Fisher effect (IFE) suggests that:

    Answer

    a home currency will depreciate if the current home interest rate exceeds the current foreign interest rate.

    a home currency will appreciate if the current home interest rate exceeds the current foreign interest rate.

    a home currency will appreciate if the current home inflation rate exceeds the current foreign inflation rate.

    a home currency will depreciate if the current home inflation rate exceeds the current foreign inflation rate.

    Question 2

    Which of the following theories suggests the percentage change in spot exchange rate of a currency should be equal to the interest rate differential between two countries?

    Answer

    absolute form of PPP.

    relative form of PPP.

    international Fisher effect (IFE).

    interest rate parity (IRP)

    Question 3

    Assume a two-country world: Country A and Country B. Which of the following is correct about purchasing power parity (PPP) as related to these two countries?

    Answer

    If Country A’s inflation rate exceeds Country B’s inflation rate, Country A’s currency will weaken.

    If Country A’s interest rate exceeds Country B’s inflation rate, Country A’s currency will weaken.

    If Country A’s interest rate exceeds Country B’s inflation rate, Country A’s currency will strengthen.

    If Country B’s inflation rate exceeds Country A’s inflation rate, Country A’s currency will weaken.

    Question 4

    If interest rates on the euro are consistently below U.S. interest rates, then for the international Fisher effect (IFE) to hold:

    Answer

    the value of the euro would often appreciate against the dollar.

    the value of the euro would often depreciate against the dollar.

    the value of the euro would remain constant most of the time.

    the value of the euro would appreciate in some periods and depreciate in other periods, but on average have a zero rate of appreciation.

    Question 5

    If today’s exchange rate reflects any historical trends in Canadian dollar exchange rate movements, but not all relevant public information, then the Canadian dollar market is:

    Answer

    weak-form efficient.

    semistrong-form efficient.

    strong-form efficient.

    semiweak-form efficient.

    Question 6

    Sensitivity analysis allows for all of the following except:

    Answer

    accountability for uncertainty.

    focus on a single point estimate of future exchange rates.

    development of a range of possible future values.

    consideration of alternative scenarios.

    Question 7

    If a foreign currency is expected to ____ substantially against the parent’s currency, the parent may prefer to ____ the remittance of subsidiary earnings.

    Answer

    weaken; delay

    weaken; expedite

    appreciate; expedite

    appreciate; delay

    Question 8

    Which of the following is not one of the major reasons for MNCs to forecast exchange rates?

    Answer

    to decide in which foreign market to invest the excess cash.

    to decide where to borrow at the lowest cost.

    to determine whether to require the subsidiary to remit the funds or invest them locally.

    to speculate on the exchange rate movements.

    Question 9

    Which of the following is not a method of forecasting exchange rate volatility?

    Answer

    Using the absolute forecast error as a percentage of the realized value to improve your forecast.

    Using the volatility of historical exchange rate movements as a forecast for the future.

    Using a time series of volatility patterns in previous periods.

    Deriving the exchange rate’s implied standard deviation from the currency option pricing model.

    Question 10

    The maximum one-day loss computed for the value-at-risk (VAR) method does not depend on:

    Answer

    the expected percentage change in the currency for the next day.

    the standard deviation of the daily percentage changes in the currency over a previous period.

    the current level of interest rates.

    the confidence level used.

    Question 11

    Which of the following is not a form of exposure to exchange rate fluctuations?

    Answer

    transaction exposure.

    credit exposure.

    economic exposure.

    translation exposure.

    Question 12

    If a U.S. firm’s cost of goods sold exposure is much greater than its sales exposure in Switzerland, there is a ____ overall impact of the Swiss franc’s depreciation against the dollar on ____.

    Answer

    positive; interest expenses

    positive; gross profit

    negative; gross profit

    negative; interest expenses

    Question 13

    U.S. based Majestic Co. sells products to U.S. consumers and purchases all of materials from U.S. suppliers. Its main competitor is located in Belgium. Majestic Co. is subject to:

    Answer

    economic exposure.

    translation exposure.

    transaction exposure.

    no exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.

    Question 14

    In a forward hedge, if the forward rate is an accurate predictor of the future spot rate, the real cost of hedging payables will be:

    Answer

    highly positive.

    highly negative.

    zero.

    netrual.

    Question 15

    The ____ does not represent an obligation.

    Answer

    long-term forward contract

    currency swap

    parallel loan

    currency option

    Question 16

    A ____ involves an exchange of currencies between two parties, with a promise to re-exchange currencies at a specified exchange rate and future date.

    Answer

    long-term forward contract

    currency option contract

    parallel loan

    money market hedge

    Question 17

    A money market hedge on payables would involve, among others, borrowing ____ and investing in the ____.

    Answer

    the foreign currency; U.S.

    the foreign currency; foreign country

    dollars; foreign country

    dollars; U.S.

    Question 18

    If a firm does not have foreign subsidiaries, it is not subject to ____.

    Answer

    transaction exposure

    economic exposure

    transformation exposure.

    translation exposure

    Question 19

    If a U.S. firm has much more revenue than expenses denominated in euros, the firm will likely ____ if the euro ____.

    Answer

    benefit; weakens

    be unaffected; weakens

    be unaffected; strengthens

    benefit; strengthens

    Question 20

    An MNC expects to sell fixed assets it utilizes in Europe in the distant future. In order to hedge the sale of these assets in the distant future, the MNC could create a(n) ____ that ____ the expected value of the assets in the future.

    Answer

    asset; matches

    asset; exceeds

    liability; matches

    liability; is less than

    Question 21

    Which of the following is an example of economic exposure but not an example of transaction exposure?

    Answer

    An increase in the dollar’s value hurts a U.S. firm’s domestic sales because foreign competitors are able to increase their sales to U.S. customers.

    An increase in the pound’s value increases the U.S. firm’s cost of British pound payables.

    A decrease in the peso’s value decreases a U.S. firm’s dollar value of peso receivables.

    A decrease in the Swiss franc’s value decreases the dollar value of interest payments on a Swiss deposit sent to a U.S. firm by a Swiss bank.

    Question 22

    Even if production costs are higher in a foreign country, a U.S. firm may establish a manufacturing plant in the foreign country now if:

    Answer

    the host government of that country eliminates all quotas.

    the host government of that country reduces all quotas.

    the host government of that country increases all quotas.

    the host government of that country eliminates all tariffs.

    Question 23

    Assume that the government of Krusho requires bribes to approve certain projects. MNCs that attempt to do business in Krusho must deal with:

    Answer

    protective barriers.

    “red tape” barriers.

    ethical differences.

    regulatory barriers.

    Question 24

    Assume a U.S. firm initiates direct foreign investment in the U.K. If the British pound is expected to appreciate against the dollar, the dollar value of earnings remitted to the parent should ____. The parent may request that the subsidiary ____ in order to benefit from the expectation about the pound.

    Answer

    increase; postpone remitting earnings until the pound strengthens

    decrease; postpone remitting earnings until the pound strengthens

    decrease; remit earnings immediately before the pound strengthens

    increase; remit earnings immediately before the pound strengthens

    Question 25

    When a firm perceives that a foreign currency is ____, the firm may attempt direct foreign investment in that country, as the initial outlay should be relatively ____.

    Answer

    overvalued; high

    overvalued; low

    undervalued; high

    undervalued; low

    Question 26

    To enter markets where superior profits are possible, an MNC should:

    Answer

    acquire a competitor that has controlled its local market.

    establish a subsidiary or acquire a competitor in a new market.

    establish a subsidiary in a market where tougher trade restrictions will adversely affect the firm’s export volume.

    establish subsidiaries in markets whose business cycles differ from those where existing subsidiaries are based.

    Question 27

    A foreign project generates a negative cash flow in year 1 and positive cash flows in years 2 through 5. The NPV for this project will be higher if the foreign currency ____ in year 1 and ____ in years 2 through 5.

    Answer

    depreciates; depreciates

    appreciates; appreciates

    depreciates; appreciates

    appreciates; depreciates

    Question 28

    When conducting a capital budgeting analysis and attempting to account for effects of exchange rate movements for a foreign project, inflation ____ included explicitly in the cash flow analysis, and debt payments by the subsidiary ____ included explicitly in the cash flow analysis.

    Answer

    should be; should be

    should definitely not be; should definitely not be

    should definitely not be; should be

    should be; should definitely not be

    Question 29

    The impact of blocked funds on the net present value of a foreign project will be greater if interest rates are ____ in the host country and there are ____ investment opportunities in the host country.

    Answer

    very high; limited

    very low; limited

    very low; numerous

    very high; numerous

    Question 30

    Assume a U.S.-based MNC has a Chilean subsidiary that annually remits 30 million Chilean pesos to the U.S. If the peso ____, the dollar amount of remitted funds ____.

    Answer

    appreciates; decreases

    depreciates; is unaffected

    appreciates; is unaffected

    depreciates; decreases

                    FIN 535 Week 11 Final Exam Part 2 

    Question 1

    A previously undertaken project in a foreign country may no longer be feasible because:

    Answer

    interest rates have declined.

    the MNC’s cost of capital has decreased.

    the host government has increased its tax rates substantially.

    exchange rate projections changed from a depreciation to an appreciation of the foreign currency.

    Question 2

    Which of the following types of international corporate control transaction is probably the most difficult to value by an MNC?

    Answer

    international acquisition.

    newly privatized foreign business.

    international alliance.

    international divestiture.

    Question 3

    If an MNC targets a successful foreign company with plans to continue the target’s local business in a more efficient manner, the risk of the business will be relatively ____, and therefore the MNC’s required return from acquiring the target will be relatively ____.

    Answer

    high; high

    high; low

    low; high

    low; low

    Question 4

    Which of the following is not an advantage of international acquisitions over the establishment of a new subsidiary?

    Answer

    The firm can immediately expand its international business.

    The firm benefits from existing customer relationships.

    International acquisitions are generally cheaper than the establishment of a new subsidiary.

    An international acquisition typically generates quicker and larger cash flows than the establishment of a new subsidiary.

    Question 5

    When determining whether a particular proposed project in a foreign country is feasible:

    Answer

    a country risk rating can adequately substitute for a capital budgeting analysis.

    country risk analysis should be incorporated within the capital budgeting analysis.

    the effect of country risk on sales revenue is more important than the effect on cash flows.

    the project with the highest country risk rating (lowest country risk) should be accepted.

    Question 6

    ____ is not a political risk factor.

    Answer

    High interest rates in a foreign country

    Currency inconvertibility

    War

    Corruption

    Question 7

    To make an MNC’s operations coincide with its own goal, a host government could do all of the following, except:

    Answer

    require the use of local employees for managerial positions.

    require social facilities.

    subsidize the MNC.

    require environmental controls.

    Question 8

    An MNC considers direct foreign investment in Germany. It is mainly concerned with the subsidiary’s ability to generate sufficient sales there. The country risk characteristic that would best address this concern is:

    Answer

    the host government’s tax rates charged on remitted earnings.

    the possibility of blocked funds.

    the state of the economy in Germany.

    the possibility of a withholding tax imposed by the German government.

    Question 9

    An argument for MNCs to have a debt-intensive capital structure is:

    Answer

    they are well diversified.

    they can reduce the chance of bankruptcy.

    it spreads the shareholder base.

    it forces subsidiaries to pay dividends to shareholders.

    Question 10

    One argument for why subsidiaries should be wholly-owned by the parent is that the potential conflict of interests between the MNC’s ____ is avoided.

    Answer

    managers and shareholders

    majority shareholders and minority shareholders

    existing creditors

    managers and creditors

    Question 11

    Other things being equal, countries with relatively ____ populations and ____ inflation are more likely to have a low cost of capital.

    Answer

    young; high

    old; high

    old; low

    young; low

    Question 12

    In general, MNCs probably prefer to use ____ foreign debt when their foreign subsidiaries are subject to potentially ____ local currencies.

    Answer

    more; strong

    more; weak

    less; strong

    less; weak

    Question 13

    Other things being equal, the financial leverage of MNCs will be higher if the governments of their home countries are ____ likely to rescue them (in the event of failure), and if their home countries are ____ likely to experience a recession.

    Answer

    more; more

    less; more

    less; less

    more; less

    Question 14

    The ____ for a given country represents the annualized yield offered on debt for various maturities.

    Answer

    LIBOR

    yield curve

    parallel loan

    interest rate swap

    Question 15

    In a(n) ____ swap, the fixed rate payer has the right to terminate the swap.

    Answer

    callable

    putable

    amortizing

    zero-coupon

    Question 16

    A currency swap between two firms of different countries enables the exchange of ____ for ____ at periodic intervals.

    Answer

    stock; one currency

    stock; a portfolio of foreign currencies

    one currency; stock options

    one currency; another currency

    Question 17

    A ____ gives its owner the right to enter into a swap.

    Answer

    basis swap

    swaption

    callable swap

    putable swap

    Question 18

    Under a(n) ____ arrangement, the exporter ships the goods to the importer while still retaining actual title to the merchandise.

    Answer

    draft

    consignment

    prepayment

    open account

    Question 19

    An exchange of goods between two parties under two distinct contracts expressed in monetary terms is:

    Answer

    compensation.

    counterpurchase.

    factoring.

    accounts receivable financing.

    Question 20

    Consider an importer that issues a promissory note to pay for the imported capital goods over a period of five years. The notes are extended to an exporter who sells them at a discount to a bank. This reflects:

    Answer

    accounts receivable financing.

    forfaiting.

    factoring.

    a letter of credit.

    Question 21

    Which of the following is not a program of the Export-Import Bank of the U.S.?

    Answer

    working capital guarantee program.

    project finance loan program.

    direct loan program.

    the foreign sales corporation program.

    Question 22

    A ____ provides a summary of freight charges and conveys title to the merchandise.

    Answer

    letter of credit

    banker’s acceptance

    bill of lading

    bill of exchange

    Question 23

    ____ typically have maturities of less than one year.

    Answer

    Eurobonds

    Euro-commercial paper

    Euronotes

    ADRs

    Question 24

    MNCs can use short-term foreign financing to reduce their exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. For example, if an American-based MNC has ____ in euros, it could borrow ____, resulting in an offsetting effect.

    Answer

    payables; euros

    receivables; euros

    payables; dollars

    receivables; dollars

    Question 25

    Assume the U.S. one-year interest rate is 9%, while the Chilean one-year interest rate is 13%. If the Chilean peso ____ by ____%, a U.S.-based MNC would incur the same financing cost in dollars versus Chilean pesos over a one year period.

    Answer

    depreciates; 3.54

    appreciates; 3.54

    depreciates; 3.67

    appreciates; 3.67

    Question 26

    A firm without any exposure to foreign exchange rates would likely increase this exposure the most by:

    Answer

    borrowing domestically.

    borrowing a portfolio of foreign currencies that are not highly correlated.

    borrowing a portfolio of foreign currencies that are highly correlated.

    borrowing two foreign currencies that are negatively correlated.

    Question 27

    To ____, MNCs can use preauthorized payments.

    Answer

    accelerate cash inflows

    minimize currency conversion costs

    manage blocked funds

    manage intersubsidiary cash transfers

    Question 28

    The effective yield of investing in a foreign currency depends on both the ____ and the ____ of the foreign currency.

    Answer

    inflation rate; exchange rate movements

    income level; interest rates

    interest rates; exchange rate movements

    interest rates; amount invested

    Question 29

    According to the international Fisher effect:

    Answer

    exchange rates adjust to compensate for income differentials between countries.

    interest rates adjust to compensate for income differentials between countries.

    exchange rates adjust to compensate for interest rate differentials between countries.

    exchange rates adjust to compensate for risk differentials between countries.

    Question 30

    ____ may complicate cash flow optimization.

    Answer

    The use of a zero-balance account

    Government restrictions

    Leading and lagging

    The use of the balance-sheet approach

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