CRJ 180 multiple choice questions

    1. According to Erich Goode, a way to explain adolescent involvement in delinquency is through:

    social learning theory 

    failure to fit into conventional society 

    inadequate child-parent relationships 

    social bond theory 

    2. Over the past 15 years, the number of females arrested for violent crimes has increased ____ percent.

    15 

    25 

    30 

    45

    3. Infanticide is primarily committed by members of a child’s family using ____.

    poison 

    guns 

    hands or feet 

    knives

    4. In 2005, the U.SHistorically, which of the following was not handled by the juvenile court?

    neglected children 

    delinquents 

    hate crimes 

    status offenses

    5. Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty for offenders under the age of 18 at the time they committed their crime:

    could continue as it is in line with the Stubborn Child Law of the Constitution 

    violates the Eighth Amendment 

    is acceptable to the general public and, therefore, constitutional 

    violates the principle of parens patriae

    6. nce a juvenile is detained and a petition is filed, a hearing must be scheduled within:

    24 hours 

    48-72 hours 

    85-120 hours 

    1 week

    7. When a juvenile is suspected of committing a crime, police have the discretion to:

    release the child and report the contact 

    interrogate or search the child 

    turn the child over to their parents under the promise of punishment 

    both A and B are correct

    8. Most youth tend to pick friends who are like themselves. The term that describes this process is called_________.

    homophily 

    heliophobia 

    hobophobily 

    hormephobia

    9. According to criminologist Ko-lin Chin, Chinese gang activity is dominated by:

    fighting over turf 

    accumulating money 

    doing drugs 

    organizing prostitution rings 

    10. The Rochester Youth Development Study found that gang members accounted for _____ percent of the serious delinquent acts in the community.

    10 

    18 

    nearly 40 

    more than 85

    11. Some risk factors associated with gang membership include:

    poverty 

    failure in school 

    prior violence 

    increased drug use 

    all of the above are correct

    12. Latchkey children are those who:

    regularly pick the locks on their neighbor’s homes 

    have been abandoned at home by work-oriented parents 

    regularly care for themselves without adult supervision after school or on weekends 

    have highly authoritarian parents 

    13. In a study of the relationship between religiosity and delinquency, Travis Hirschi and Rodney Stark found that:

    religious adolescents had lower rates of delinquency 

    religious adolescents had higher rates of delinquency 

    atheist adolescents had lower rates of delinquency than religious adolescents 

    there was no relationship between religiosity and delinquency 

    14. According to Russell Hill and Frank Stafford, one way mothers compensate for being in the paid labor force full-time is by:

    spending more money on their children 

    cutting down on their own sleep and leisure time 

    taking time off from work to be with their children 

    spending more time with their children on weekends 

    15. According to Bruce Chadwick and Brent Top, the more _____ a person is, the less likely he or she will participate in delinquent or criminal behaviors.

    ethical 

    educated 

    financially secure 

    religious 

    16. According to the most recent Indicators of School Crime and Safety report, children were ___ times more likely to be murdered away from school than at school.

    12 

    22 

    50

    17. Children are ____ times more likely to be murdered away from school than at school.

    16 

    35 

    50 

    80

    18. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in _____, that school officials may legally search students and their lockers without consent.

    Thompson v. Carthage School District 

    New Jersey v. T.L.O. 

    Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton 

    West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette

    19. Research has found that schools with zero-tolerance policies are _____ orderly and secure than schools, which use a case-by-case approach.

    significantly more 

    significantly less 

    no more 

    no less

    20. Peers offer each other a sense of which of the following?

    acceptance 

    camaraderie 

    empowerment 

    all of the above are correct

    21. Which one of the following is not a risk factor for very early childhood and delinquency?

    maternal smoking 

    bullying 

    parent incarceration 

    exposure to lead

    22. Impoverished neighborhoods often are characterized by which of the following?

    high rates of self-employment 

    inadequate education systems 

    strong social support networks 

    both B and C are correct

    23. The most effective prevention programs are aimed at children in:

    the earliest stages of life 

    preschool and kindergarten 

    run-down neighborhoods 

    early Head Start program

    24. The numerous early prevention programs conducted since the 1970’s have concluded that: 

    children are active learners and that they are better equipped to enter kindergarten

    prevention is more effective among females

    all crime prevention programs need to target the lower-class

    early intervention in prenatal care improves child development and decreases risk factors

    25. A _____ approach to the drug problem involves using a public health model to reduce the risks and consequences of using illicit drugs.

    D.A.R.E.

    legalization

    harm reduction

    resistance education

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