My Physic 2 Professor want to me write formal essay about the following chapter 18-27. How do you understand all chapter and each topic? Explain the concept and how to apply in real world and how to calculate? Do not just list vocabulary make it with essay.. I really need as soon as possible and finished right away.

18 Electric Forces and Electric Fields 481

18.1 The Origin of Electricity 481

18.2 Charged Objects and the Electric Force 482

18.3 Conductors and Insulators 484

18.4 Charging by Contact and by Induction 485

18.5 Coulomb’s Law 486

18.6 The Electric Field 491

18.7 Electric Field Lines 496

18.8 The Electric Field Inside a Conductor: Shielding 499

18.9 Gauss’ Law 501

18.10 Copiers and Computer Printers 505

CONCEPT SUMMARY 506

19 Electric Potential Energy and the Electric Potential 514

19.1 Potential Energy 514

19.2 The Electric Potential Difference 515

19.3 The Electric Potential Difference Created by Point Charges 521

19.4 Equipotential Surfaces and Their Relation to the Electric Field 525

19.5 Capacitors and Dielectrics 528

19.6 Biomedical Applications of Electric Potential Differences 532

CONCEPT SUMMARY 534

20 Electric Circuits 541

20.1 Electromotive Force and Current 541

20.2 Ohm’s Law 543

20.3 Resistance and Resistivity 544

20.4 Electric Power 547

20.5 Alternating Current 549

20.6 Series Wiring 552

20.7 Parallel Wiring 555

20.8 Circuits Wired Partially in Series and Partially in Parallel 559

20.9 Internal Resistance 560

20.10 Kirchhoff’s Rules 561

20.11 The Measurement of Current and Voltage 564

20.12 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel 566

20.13 RC Circuits 568

20.14 Safety and the Physiological Effects of Current 569

CONCEPT SUMMARY 570

21 Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields 580

21.1 Magnetic Fields 580

21.2 The Force That a Magnetic Field Exerts on a Moving Charge 582

21.3 The Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field 585

21.4 The Mass Spectrometer 589

21.5 The Force on a Current in a Magnetic Field 590

21.6 The Torque on a Current-Carrying Coil 592

21.7 Magnetic Fields Produced by Currents 594

21.8 Ampère’s Law 601

21.9 Magnetic Materials 602

CONCEPT SUMMARY 605

22 Electromagnetic Induction 615

22.1 Induced Emf and Induced Current 615

22.2 Motional Emf 616

22.3 Magnetic Flux 622

22.4 Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction 624

22.5 Lenz’s Law 627

22.6 Applications of Electromagnetic Induction to the Reproduction of Sound 630

22.7 The Electric Generator 631

22.8 Mutual Inductance and Self-Inductance 636

22.9 Transformers 639

CONCEPT SUMMARY 642

23 Alternating Current Circuits 651

23.1 Capacitors and Capacitive Reactance 651

23.2 Inductors and Inductive Reactance 653

23.3 Circuits Containing Resistance, Capacitance, and Inductance 655

23.4 Resonance in Electric Circuits 660

23.5 Semiconductor Devices 662

CONCEPT SUMMARY 667

24 Electromagnetic Waves 673

24.1 The Nature of Electromagnetic Waves 673

24.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum 677

24.3 The Speed of Light 679

24.4 The Energy Carried by Electromagnetic Waves 681

24.5 The Doppler Effect and Electromagnetic Waves 685

24.6 Polarization 686

CONCEPT SUMMARY 692

25 The Refl ection of Light: Mirrors 699

25.1 Wave Fronts and Rays 699

25.2 The Refl ection of Light 700

25.3 The Formation of Images by a Plane Mirror 701

25.4 Spherical Mirrors 703

25.5 The Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors 706

25.6 The Mirror Equation and the Magnification Equation 710

CONCEPT SUMMARY 715

26 The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments 721

26.1 The Index of Refraction 721

26.2 Snell’s Law and the Refraction of Light 722

26.3 Total Internal Refl ection 727

26.4 Polarization and the Refl ection and Refraction of Light 733

26.5 The Dispersion of Light: Prisms and Rainbows 733

26.6 Lenses 735

26.7 The Formation of Images by Lenses 736

26.8 The Thin-Lens Equation and the Magnification Equation 739

26.9 Lenses in Combination 742

26.10 The Human Eye 744

26.11 Angular Magnifi cation and the Magnifying Glass 748

26.12 The Compound Microscope 750

26.13 The Telescope 751

26.14 Lens Aberrations 753

27 Interference and the Wave Nature of Light 766

27.1 The Principle of Linear Superposition 766

27.2 Young’s Double-Slit Experiment 768

27.3 Thin-Film Interference 771

27.4 The Michelson Interferometer 775

27.5 Diffraction 776

27.6 Resolving Power 780

27.7 The Diffraction Grating 785

27.8 Compact Discs, Digital Video Discs, and the Use of Interference 787

27.9 X-Ray Diffraction 789